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1
Doug Johnson
2
The technology of "the book" has already seen a number of transitions
in its long history: from clay to wax to papyrus to vellum to cloth to
paper, stored as tablets or scrolls or folios or books, bound in horn
or leather or cloth or paper. With each metamorphosis, the role of the
librarian has changed – from scribe to guard to copyist to archivist to
selector to teacher.
3
I, for one, am looking forward to the next iteration of “the book” when
well-designed silicon replaces cellulose as the means for publishing.
Our current paper books often rapidly disintegrate. They go out of
print. They are expensive to produce, bulky to store, and back breaking
to move. Access to them is limited because of their very physical
nature. While I am sentimental about the associative memories
particular books evoke, it is really the excitement of the story, the
perspective of the author, or the lyricism of the language to which I
am reacting when I say, “I love books.” 
4
The impact of the wide-scale use of e-books will be a major
who-moved-my-cheese event for our profession and it will happen within
many of our working lives. What might a genuinely useful e-book look
like and what ramifications might such a device might have on the
profession of school librarian? For each prediction, I have footnoted a
current product or event that foreshadows it.
5
The e-book of 2015 (1)
6 Will be highly portable, durable, and customizable.
Mine will be a slim padded six by nine inch notebook bound in calfskin
weighing ounces, not pounds. (2) It will run on a watch battery that
needs replacing once every three years, supplemented by a solar panel
(3). It will have high-speed wireless connections to the Internet and
peripheral devices, such as projectors, printers and earphones. (4) All
its memory is static and the screen is made of strong, semi-flexible
plastic. (5) A bump or drop may scuff, but not break the device.
Special models for students needing adaptive technologies will be
available.
7 Will offer a screen with higher resolution than the printed page.
Open my e-book and the left hand side will show a softly glowing,
backlit, glare free screen that can switch from landscape to portrait
layout. (6) My wife can sleep while I read in bed. My page's background
would be a rich ivory color with the resolution of paper and be
flicker-free. The text's font can be changed to suit one's personal
taste and the size adjusted for aging eyes. A tap will bring up a
dictionary definition and pronunciation for any word, and in many
cases, an illustration. Automatic translation of texts in languages
other than English is instantaneous. (7) The other side of the notebook
will hold input and output devices of my choice - keyboard, track pad,
stylus, speaker, microphone, and camera.
8 Will be fully multimedia.
The page displays full color graphics, digital video and offers text to
speech in a natural voice. (I’ll download James Earl Jones and Kathleen
Turner to be my narrators.) Audio books with full dramatization and
magazine and newspaper articles can be downloaded and listened to, as
well as motion pictures, radio programs, and television programs. (8)
9 Will allow annotation, searching, and bookmarking of e-texts.
One can doodle in the margins with a stylus on the touch sensitive
screen or via the keyboard on electronic sticky notes. The user can
search the full text and notes and set referenced bookmarks. 
10 Will have both internal and online storage space.
Dozens of books plus all standard reference sources will be instantly
accessible from the terabyte storage chip within the device.
Lesser-used items will be accessible from online personal libraries,
through worldwide public or private lending sources, or through online
bookstores. E-texts and downloadable audio books will be less expensive
than their physical cousins, reflecting cost saving realized by not
having to print, transport, store, or remainder any item. One of my
books happens to be a great Dorothy Dunnett novel, unavailable in paper
for 10 years. E-books mean never having to say out of print.
11 Will change the nature of “fiction.”
Many writers may experiment with text that is customizable by the end
user for both artistic and commercial purposes. The reader may
substitute the name of his or her current inamorata or inamorato for
the protagonist (or murder victim). The latest Stephen King can be set
to mild, scary or terrifying, or Harold Robbins to suggestive, lurid,
or … well, let’s not go there. Video games and fiction may merge and
the skills and choices of the reader/player may determine the outcome
of the plot. (9)
12 Maybe integrated into a more fully functional “e-backpack.”
This device will be a means of storing notes, papers, and
teacher-generated study materials and customized e-textbooks; an
e-portfolio documenting the exploration of a series of related topics,
each assignment building on the last; an e-organizer with appointment
calendar, to-do-list, and address book; an e-wallet that serves as a
library card, lunch ticket, petty cash, and sports pass protected with
biometric security; and an e-communicator capable of transmitting both
voice and data, including digital video. The e-backpack will include
interactive learning programs prescribed as part of every learner’s IEP
and include basic productivity software such as a word processor,
spreadsheet, web editor, database, video editor, and graphics tools.
13 Will be affordable. (10)
The price of e-book hardware is a non-issue. The devices themselves
will be no more expensive than school supplies in the past. Software
distributors and e-text publishers practically give them away with
subscription services. The funds schools once spent on textbooks and
printing costs heavily subsidize the costs of this equipment for
children whose families cannot afford it.
14 Will contain a monitoring chip.
With the passage of the Patriot Act of 2009, all electronic
communication devices used in schools will have a Mind Police chip that
automatically sends logs to the school’s office of testing and
assessment, the vice-principal’s office, and the Department of Homeland
Security for data-mining. Of course, all students have discovered how
to disable the chips. (11)
15
Implications for the role of the librarian.
16 1.The physical library. Schools
will be made of bricks and mortar for as long as they are expected to
provide not just educational, but custodial services by the public.
While home schooling and virtual schooling are growing, both serve a
small fraction of the total PK-12 population. Most families will expect
schools to contain and shelter their children as well as educate them.
But will the library itself remain a physical entity when all the
resources of today’s library and more are accessible via an affordable,
practical e-book?
17
The library should house the infrastructure technologies needed to
insure that e-books connect to each other and the rest of the world. It
is also the logical place to house the technical staff where one of our
tasks will be help them prioritize their tasks and possibly supervise.
A production lab containing computers with massive processing power
used to do high-end image and video processing and number crunching
will be a part of tomorrow’s media center.
18
The library will remain a physical learning space if we begin creating
facilities and environments where kids and teachers want to be. The
library must have comfortable chairs, a pleasant ambiance, and a
friendly, low-stress, safe, and forgiving atmosphere. (12) It must
contain flexible spaces that can be used by individuals, small groups,
and whole classes. Physical books that still have value but are not yet
digitized, may still be present, but will eventually be sent to
historical society or university archives where they can be better
preserved. Security systems will be a thing of the past since there
will be no “books” to steal.
19
Collaborative learning and the need for social interaction will require
our libraries are places of active learning. While the e-book will make
virtual communication readily available, providing a place for
face-to-face interaction is role the library can fill. I personally
hope that storytelling, puppetry, live debates and demonstrations will
be part of every child’s education. And while most of a child’s
education will be highly individualized to meet specific learning goals
and styles, interpersonal and collaborative skills will also be a part
of the curriculum.
20
As librarians, we will need to compete for patrons using our space.
Since we are no longer the only game in town for information, it will
be our skills, especially our interpersonal skills, to which patrons
will be drawn. The librarian needs to be a good reason to go to the
library rather than to avoid the library if we are to exist. (13)
21
If the library is not a wonderful place to be to learn, to socialize
and to relax, students and teachers will use their e-books in places
that are.
22
2.Resources. The librarian, of
course, will be selecting commercial digital materials to be made
available to students and to staff. While it may mean continuing to
purchase some single titles of resources, it will more likely be the
librarian’s job to purchase access to collections of digital materials.
(14) These collections will need to complement and supplement
state-provided resources (15), the commercial Internet, and materials
that come standard (dictionaries, thesauri, atlases, etc.) on e-books
designed for school use. And of course, it will be librarian’s job to
budget for, acquire, and track the licenses needed to use these
products.
23
Materials will need to be even more carefully chosen to support the
curriculum and specific instructional needs of teachers. With so much
information available, maintaining a highly useable library webpage
tailored specifically to meet the needs of the individual school’s
curriculum will be a primary job of the librarian. 
24
The librarian’s expertise, available online and accessible through
e-books, may be the single most valuable “resource” the library will
offer. The questions will be difficult and we will need to not
only have expertise ourselves in locating specific materials, resources
and information, but be able to use expert systems that rely on
artificial intelligence as well. (16)
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3.Jobs. Teachers and
administrators must come to us for help with problems only we can
solve. As printed textbooks become obsolete, librarians will use the
experiences and skills learned creating pages of selected web sites and
webquests to assist teachers in building individualized (to the
student) e-textbooks accessed and read on e-books. We will still need
to be experts in children’s and young adult materials – regardless of
their format – to meet the needs of both the struggling and advanced
learners. And we will continue to provide staff development
opportunities in information technologies. 
26
Classroom teachers will continue to send kids to the library only if
the librarian is better at helping them find information or complete a
task than the teacher himself. We also need to have responsibility for
teaching an identified set of skills, virtually and in person, which no
one can teach better. (Might the very best teacher-librarians
free-lance to schools willing to pay for their teaching talents?)
27
Information-literacy skills will be more important to student’s future
success than ever. Because of the growing glut of information, we will
to increasingly focus on helping students:
28 Define their information-related problems and questions.
29 Search ever-larger amounts of available information.
30 Carefully determine the reliability of information sources.
31 Interpret, organize and analyze information.
32 Construct powerful means of communicating their findings, especially using technology
33 Evaluate and reflect on the effectiveness of both their products and efficiency of the process.
34 Make safe and ethical decisions while online. (17)

35
And finally, we need to remain our schools’ intellectual
freedom-fighters - continuing our battles against the censorship of
digital resources, advocating for patron privacy, and helping enforce
copyright. We will need to have the expertise to advise students on the
safe and ethical use of all information technologies. We will need to
continue to be not just the brains of the school, but its soul as well.
36
In my darkest dystopian fantasies technology directors do the selection
of not just library materials, but entire library programs. (19) If a
commercial LIBRARIES-R-US can provide the resources and services
virtually and cheaply, what will keep a school from outsourcing? It’s a
question those of us who want to continue working in the public sector
need to answer soon.
37
There will not be a guaranteed place for librarians in tomorrow’s
schools. Our profession will once again need to build and define its
own role as the needs of our patrons and schools change, as our
technologies mature, and as the definition of education itself is
transformed. But we’ve done it before and we will do so again, if we
look upon the change as opportunity and with the excitement and
optimism I have about getting my first real e-book.
38
Sources: