|
| |
| |
|
The document below has a numbered blue "comment dot" (  ) following selected items. Click a blue dot to add your comment regarding that item. Any existing comments on that item are shown within a yellow rectangle beneath the item. A glasses icon ( ) next to the 'Add a general comment' link below indicates existing general comments; click it to see them. Click the buttons above to navigate between views.You can add a general comment here: Add a general comment
Hide comments | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Identify and
describe the national and international bodies that govern the conservation of
historic timber buildings. 1
Identify and
describe current standards and guidelines for the conservation of historic
timber buildings. 2
Identify and
describe preservation ethics as they pertain to the conservation of historic
timber buildings. 3
Identify, describe
and discuss issues of timber supply related to the conservation of historic
timber buildings. 4
Identify, describe
and discuss the significance of preserving historic craft techniques and how
this relates to the conservation of historic timber buildings. 5
|
LEARNING
TASKS |
|
CONTENT |
|
1. Conservation bodies |
|
United Nations Educational,
Scientific & Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
International Council On
Monuments & Sites (ICOMOS)
Traditional Timberframe
Research & Advisory Group (TTRAG)
World Conservation
Historic Preservation
Services (HPS) of National Park Service (NPS) of US Department of the
Interior
State & Municipal Bodies |
|
2. Conservation standards and guidelines |
|
International Charter for the
Conservation and Restoration of Sites and Monuments (The
Principals for the
Preservation of Historic Timber Structures (Mexico 1999, ICOMOS)
Charter on the Built
Vernacular Heritage (Mexico 1999, ICOMOS)
Standards for Rehabilitation,
Secretary of the Interior
A Preservation Charter for
the Historic Towns and Monuments of the
National Historic
Preservation Act (NHPA)
State & Municipal
Standards & Guidelines |
|
3. Conservation ethics |
|
Case Studies
Creating Building Records
Preservation of Historic
Fabric
Authenticity
Period Restoration
Rehabilitation
Period Reconstruction
Determining Levels of
Intervention
Cultural Relevance & Use
Change of Use
Upgrading Electrical /
Mechanical / Safety Systems
Introduction of Synthetic
Materials
Building & Artefact
Removal & Relocation
Additions to Existing Buildings
& Upgrading
Stabilization &
Maintenance
Materials, Workmanship &
Distinguishablity
Materials, Workmanship &
Reversability
Patina
Chemical Treatments
(Fungacide, Pesticide, Wood Preservative, Etc)
Structural Integrity
Existing Condition Surveys
& Reports
Dismantling & Relocation
(Relevance of Environment) |
|
4. Timber supply |
|
Case Studies
Supply of Dry Wood for
Repairs
Sourcing Special Timbers
(Length, Girth, Specific Shapes, Etc)
Quality & Durability of
Timber Now & Then
Historic
Historic Timber Selection
& Harvesting |
|
5. Preservation of craft techniques |
|
Case Studies
Tools & Tool Techniques
Layout Techniques
Timber Selection &
Conversion
Forensic Studies of Historic
Carpentry Techniques
Written Records |
Theory:61
i)
Given a multiple choice test of
30 recall/recognition type questions about the ethics and standards of
conserving historic timber buildings, the learner will answer all questions
within 30 minutes and score a minimum of 70%, or 21 correct answers. 62
ii)
Learners will correctly define
the following terms and give illustrative examples of how each term might apply
to historic timber buildings: 63
a)
Conservation 64
b)
Preservation 65
c)
Reconstruction 66
d)
Rehabilitation 67
e)
Stabilization 68
f)
Renovation 69
g)
Alteration 70
iii)
In an group environment,
learners will discuss the different ways that countries and cultures interpret
and put into practice the above terms. 71
Practical:72
iv)
Learners will develop a brief
(1-2 page) written statement outlining their own conservation philosophy, and
present this to colleagues in a group setting for the purpose of discussion. 73
v)
In a group environment, and
using examples of important timber buildings, learners will discuss the
relevance of timber supply to the conservation of historic timber buildings. 74
vi)
In a group environment, and
using case studies of major restoration / reconstruction projects, learners
will discuss the relevance of preserving historic craft techniques to the
conservation of historic timber buildings. 75
DESCRIPTION 76
Demonstrate how to
plan and organise a safe frame dismantling. 77
Demonstrate pre-work
planning and perform dismantling briefings. 78
Demonstrate how to
safely and effectively dismantle a timber-framed building. 79
|
LEARNING
TASKS |
|
CONTENT |
|
1. Pre-work planning and briefings |
|
OSHA Regulations
Risk Assessment
Site Inspection
Crew Make-up (Required
Qualifications & Capabilities, Specialist Crewmembers Needed, Etc)
Educating the Client
Permits
Special Hazards (Disease,
Faeces, Animals, Dust, Fire, Etc)
Method Statement /
Dismantling Plan
Role of Surveys, Drawings
& Photo-Record
Controlled Access Zones
Special Access Requirements
Press & Public On Site
Lifting Plan & Pick List
Lowering & Moving Big
Sections
Bracing & Shoring Plan
Crew Briefing, Agenda &
Minutes
Marking & Cataloguing
Frame Components
Marking & Cataloguing
Fixings & Fasteners
Equipment List for Site /
Site Checklist
Emergency Planning &
Emergency Contacts
Contact Site Agent / Owner
Communications |
|
2. Bracing, shoring and scaffolding |
|
Strong-backs & Braces for
Lifts
Timber Bracing & Shoring
Needling & Underpinning
Thrust-out Scaffold
Structural Scaffolds (Lifting
Beams, Fall-Arrest, Etc)
Cribbing Towers (Stability,
Strength & Shrinkage)
Temporary Supports &
Pokes
Ropes, Guys & Come-Alongs
Stability of Structure During
Lift (Unloading, Load-Transfer, Potential Failures, Etc) |
|
3. Dismantling principals |
|
Risk Assessment
Work Method
Communication & Briefings
Working with Preservation Professionals
(Architects, Historians, Archaeologists & Conservators)
Emergency Procedures
Extra PPE
Protection of Site (Hoarding
& Temporary Covers)
Protection of Related
Historic Fabric (Plaster, Siding, Flooring, Etc)
Protection of Timbers
(Temporary Storage)
Controlling Press, Public
& Spectators
Working with Preservation
Technicians (Masons, Plasterers, Glaziers, Etc)
Theft of Historic Fabric
& Artefacts
Crew Access
Crew Escape Routes
Identifying, Marking-up &
Cataloguing Frame Components
Identifying, Marking-up &
Cataloguing Fixings & Fasteners
Assessing Structural
Condition
Separating Timbers that need
Repairs
Amending Repairs Schedules
Discovery of Artefacts
(Protocols & Procedures)
Identification of Historic
Repairs & Modifications
De-pegging Techniques
De-nailing Protocols
Organising, Cleaning &
Storing Rigging, Slings & Tackle
Tool & Fixings Storage
Waste & Off-Cut
Management
Mud Control
Clean-Up |
|
4. Principals of leading a small frame
dismantling |
|
Communication & Briefings
Site Layout (What Goes Where)
Slow & Steady
Assigning Specific Duties
Emergency Procedures
Safe Work Practices (Rigging,
Tools, Scaffolds & Ladders, De-nailing, Etc)
Use of PPE
Clients Goals
Protection of Site (Hoarding,
Straw Cover, Rope Barriers, Etc)
Controlling Press, Public
& Spectators
Crew Access & Egress
Crew Escape Routes
Coffee Breaks & Lunch
Breaks
Monitoring Crew Fatigue
Productivity vs. Idleness
Mistakes & Disasters
Clean-Up (Tools, Materials,
Fixings, Off-Cuts & Garbage)
Praise & Rewards for Crew |
Theory: 163
i)
Given a multiple choice test of
40 recall/recognition type questions about planning and organising safe frame
dismantling, the learner will answer all questions within 40 minutes and score
a minimum of 70%, or 28 correct answers. 164
ii)
Learners will prepare a
complete set of documents and briefing notes for the dismantling of a small,
historic timber frame. This will include the following: 165
a)
Method Statement / Dismantling
Plan 166
b)
Risk Assessment 167
c)
Lifting Plan 168
d)
Bracing & Shoring Plan 169
e)
Kit List 170
f)
Access & Scaffolding Plan 171
g)
Timber Identification &
Storage Plan 172
h)
Pre-work Briefing Agenda /
Notes 173
Practical:174
vii)
Learners will brief colleagues
in preparation for the dismantling of a small, timber framed building (not
necessarily an historic building). This will include a review of the following: 175
a)
Work Method 176
b)
Risk Assessment 177
c)
Lifting Plan 178
d)
Bracing & Shoring Plan 179
e)
Access & Scaffolding Plan 180
f)
Tools & Equipment 181
Learners will
create brief and accurate minutes of the briefing and circulate these to all
crew. 182
viii)
Learners will demonstrate their
ability to safely and effectively organise a crew of at least 4 people (plus
experienced instructor) to dismantle a small fame (2 or more frame sections /
bents plus all connecting members). This will include the following: 183
a)
Follow a pre-planned work
method 184
b)
Brief crew and double-check
that all crew understand their duties/roles specific to the day 185
c)
Brief crew regarding location
of emergency equipment and procedures 186
d)
Ensure that correct PPE used by
all crew at all times (no exceptions) 187
e)
Use safe work practices all
times (no exceptions) 188
a.
Clear access and escape routes
for all crew at all times 189
b.
Correct rigging with tag lines 190
c.
Correct use of tools 191
d.
Ladders tied off 192
f)
Ensure appropriate lunch and
coffee breaks are taken 193
g)
Ensure that crew remains
productive (no idle crewmembers) 194
h)
Ensure that public, press and
spectators are managed 195
i)
Ensure that frame is dismantled
in a way that minimises damage to all components 196
j)
Ensure that all components are
labelled and stored in an effective manner that will expedite repairs and/or
re-erection 197
k)
Ensure that frame is correctly
braced and secured at all times (no exceptions) 198
l)
Ensure that all tools,
equipment, fixings, etc are securely stored at completion. 199
m)
Ensure that there are no
exposed nails and minimise other handling hazards throughout. 200
n)
Ensure that site is tidy
throughout. 201
o) Ensure that site remains safe from beginning to completion (ladders
down, handrails secure, extra bracing, traps/holes covered, etc)202
p)
Praise crew and individual
efforts
203
PART SIXTEEN CONSERVATION
TECHNIQUES204
DESCRIPTION 205
Identify and
describe common types of repairs for timber structures. 206
Demonstrate simple
timber repairs. 207
Demonstrate simple
metalwork repairs. 208
Demonstrate simple
chemical repairs. 209
Describe the effects
of shrinkage on various repair types. 210
Describe the effects
of water / moisture on various repair types. 211
|
LEARNING
TASKS |
|
CONTENT |
|
1. Timber repairs and techniques |
|
Off-site vs. On-site Repairs
Appearance
Secret Repairs
Traditional / Historic Timber
Repairs
Samples, Testing &
Mock-ups
Joint Preparation (Remove
Debris / Rot / Etc)
Member Replacement
Joinery Selection
(Appropriate Scarf, Etc)
Member Loading & Capacity
Joint Loading & Joint
Capacity
Part Replacement / End
Replacement
Patches
Loose-Tenons, Splines &
Goose-Neck Splines
Fish-Plates & Shear Keys
Timber Splints
Sistering
Doubling-up Timbers (Joists,
Rafters, Etc)
Weep-Holes & Drainage
Factors Effecting Timber
Selection (Species, Conversion Method, Patina)
Joinery Tips & Techniques
Performance of Scarfs Under
Load
Special Tools & Jigs
Dry vs. Glued Repairs
Moisture Content &
Shrinkage
Pegs & Plug Selection
Selection of Metal Fasteners
(Types, Materials, Finishes, Etc)
Access to Fasteners for
Maintenance & Tightening
Performance of Metal
Fasteners in Timber Repairs (Strength, Embedment, Creep, Rust, Etc)
Selection of Glues &
Adhesives for Timber Repairs (Moisture Content, Workability, Appearance,
Strength, Etc)
Methods for Identification /
Marking Timber Repairs (ICOMOS, Mexico 99)
Recordkeeping, Quality
Control & Quality Assurance (QA/QC) |
|
2. Metalwork repairs and techniques |
|
Appearance
Secret Repairs
Traditional/Historic Metal
Repairs
Samples, Testing &
Mock-ups
Member Loading & Capacity
Joint Loading & Joint
Capacity
Metal Splines &
Flitch-Plates
Metal Splints & Splices
Metal Braces & Brackets
Metal Shoes
Metal Rods
Factors Effecting Metalwork
Selection (Weight, Strength, Cost, Tooling, Installation Etc)
Metalwork Finishes
(Galvanised, Stainless, Paint, Etc)
Condensation & Moisture
(Stains / Rot / Etc)
Shrinkage
Thermal Expansion &
Contraction
Joinery Tips & Techniques
Special Tools & Jigs
Metal Fasteners (Types,
Materials, Finishes, Etc)
Access to Fasteners for
Maintenance & Tightening
Methods for Identification /
Marking Metalwork Repairs (ICOMOS, Mexico 99)
Recordkeeping
Quality Control & Quality
Assurance (QA/QC) |
|
3. Chemical repairs and techniques |
|
Special Risks & Hazards
(Chemical Burns, Chemical Vapours, Fire, Disposal, Etc)
PPE
Limitations of Use &
Problems
Appearance
Moisture Content of Timber
Synthetic Resins / Adhesives
Selection of Glues (Water
Resistance / Colour / Etc)
Epoxy Resins
Setting & Curing Rates
Samples, Testing &
Mock-ups
Member Loading & Capacity
Joint Loading & Joint
Capacity
Surface Consolidation
Temperature & Moisture
Control
Shrinkage
Protection of Surrounding
Area
Joint Preparation &
Treatment
Chemical Fillers &
Screeds
Chemical & Wood
Combinations
Chemical & Metalwork
Combinations
Chemical & Threaded Rod
Combinations
Chemical & Fibreglass Rod
Combinations
Factors Effecting Chemical
Selection (Cost, Strength, Tooling, Training Requirements, Installation, Site
Environment, Etc)
Condensation & Moisture
Joinery Tips & Techniques
Special Tools & Jigs
Metal Fasteners (Types,
Materials, Finishes, Etc)
Access to Fasteners for Maintenance
& Tightening
Products
Methods for Identification /
Marking Metalwork Repairs (ICOMOS, Mexico 99)
Recordkeeping
Quality Control & Quality
Assurance (QA/QC) |
Theory:303
i)
Given a multiple choice test of
30 recall/recognition type questions about repairs to timber structures: 304
·
Timber Repairs (10 Questions) 305
·
Metalwork Repairs (10
Questions) 306
·
Chemical Repairs (10 Questions) 307
The learner will
answer all questions within 30 minutes and score a minimum of 70%, or 21
correct answers. 308
Practical:309
ii)
Learners will demonstrate the
safe and correct layout, cutting and assembly of the following timber repairs
in irregular, 8 section timbers to an overall tolerance of 1/16th
inch: 310
a.
Scissor scarf new end to post
base and fix with recessed metal lag bolts and plugs. All joinery planes must
shed water. 311
b.
Simple stopped and splayed
scarf for new end to beam. Fix with skew dowels and tapered keys. 312
c.
Replacement of shouldered tenon
including peg hole, fix with peg. Only peg to be visible. 313
d.
Replacement of mortise wall
(side patch with squinted and locking side abutments) including peg hole, fix
with screws and plugs 314
iii)
Learners will demonstrate the
safe and correct layout, cutting and assembly of a hidden flitch plate in the
top centre of a beam to an overall tolerance of 1/16th inch. Fix
with threaded rod and plugs. 315
iv)
Learners will demonstrate the
safe and correct layout, preparation and assembly of the following chemical
repairs in timbers to an overall tolerance of 1/16th inch (correct
PPE must be employed at all times, no exceptions): 316
a.
Consolidate a small section of
degraded (frassy) timber surface with epoxy resin 317
b.
Create new joist housing in
beam to predetermined dimensions. Patch with dry timber and fix with synthetic
adhesive only. 318
c.
Replace mortise wall (side
patch with perpendicular abutments) including peg hole and fix with epoxy
resin. 319
DESCRIPTION 320
Identify and describe common practices used
to conserve and preserve historic timber buildings. 321
|
LEARNING
TASKS |
|
CONTENT |
|
1. Conservation / preservation of historic
timber buildings |
|
International Council On
Monuments & Sites (ICOMOS)
Historic Preservation
Services (HPS) of National Park Service (NPS) of US Department of the
Interior
Traditional Timberframe
Research & Advisory Group (TTRAG)
Preservation Trades Network
(PTN)
Association of Preservation
Technology (APT)
National Centre for
Preservation Technology and Training (NCPTT)
Investigation &
Assessment
Recording & Reporting
Identify Relevant Codes &
Standards
Conservation Strategy
Repair Strategy
Monitoring Timber Buildings
(Structure, Air, Pest, Etc)
Structural Stabilization
Feasibility Study
Chemical Preservation
Drainage
Ventilation, Air Circulation
& Humidity
Restricted Access &
Restricted Use
Public Safety
Protection of Surfaces
Security & Vandalism
Maintenance Strategy
Pest Controls (Insects,
Birds, Rodents)
Controlling Rot & Decay
Lightning Protection
Smoke Detection & Fire
Protection
Legal Protection & Building
Designation
Relocation (Outdoor Museums /
Etc) |
Theory:353
i)
Given a multiple choice test of
30 recall/recognition type questions about the preservation of historic timber
buildings, the learner will answer all questions within 30 minutes and score a
minimum of 70%, or 21 correct answers. 354
ii)
Create a preservation strategy
for an historic timber building and make a brief presentation to colleagues for
the purpose of discussion. Strategy to include the following: 355
a.
General description of
building, historical significance, current status and general condition.
Summary of any relevant legislation, protection or standards. (1-4 pages) 356
b.
Introductory statement of
conservation strategy to summarise rationale of interventions and explain
proposed conservation ethic (1- page or less) 357
c.
Detailed schedule of repairs
and recommendations to include strategy for lightning and fire protection.
(1-10 pages as appropriate) 358
d.
Maintenance strategy (1 page) 359
e.
Feasibility assessment (1 page
or less) 360
DESCRIPTION 361
Identify and describe the tools and
techniques that are commonly used for investigating, quantifying and
documenting historic timber buildings. 362
Demonstrate how to document, measure and
label a historic timber building in accordance with the recommendations of the
Traditional Timberframe Research and Advisory Group (TTRAG). 363
Create a survey report for an historic
timber building. 364
|
LEARNING
TASKS |
|
CONTENT |
|
1. Inspection tools and techniques |
|
Risk Assessment & Special
Hazards (Asbestos, Disease, Etc)
Drawings & Records
Information at Site
(Associated Building Materials, Architecture and Artefacts)
Visual Inspection of Building
(General Form & Age of Building, Arrangement of Elements, Alterations
& Additions, General Condition, Etc)
Visual Inspection of Timbers
(Species, Conversion Method, General Condition, Etc)
Visual Inspection of Joinery
(Type, Tooling, General Condition, Etc)
Other Non-Destructive
Inspection Techniques (Mirrors, Probes, Special Lighting, Etc)
Identification of Timber
Species
Identification of Re-used /
Recycled Timbers
Identification of Original
Layout / Numbering System
Identification of Repairs
& Modifications
Special Inspection Tools
(Moisture Meter, Borescope, Sibert Micro Drill, Ultra-Sound, Radio-Frequency,
Optical Lasers, Etc)
Auger-Drilling
Poke & Pick Testing for
Decay
Special Techniques
(Dendrochronology, Radio-Carbon Dating & Advanced Moisture Content
Measurement)
General Measurement (ID
Critical Dimensions)
Measuring Deformation /
Deflection
Fungal Attack / Insect Attack
Destructive / Invasive
Inspection & Disassembly |
|
2. Recording and reporting procedures |
|
Historic Preservation
Services (HPS) of National Park Service (NPS) of US Department of the
Interior Checklist
Traditional Timberframe
Research & Advisory Group (TTRAG) Checklist
Photo Records
Sketches & Drawings
Naming Components for
Reference (Grid & Compass References)
Recording Moisture Values
Fungal / Insect Samples &
Identification
Recording Survey Information
(Critical Dimensions, Etc)
Existing Condition Surveys
& Reports
Marking Timbers (Chalk, Tags,
Etc) |
Theory:398
i)
Given a multiple choice test of
30 recall/recognition type questions about
surveying and recording of historic timber buildings, the learner will
answer all questions within 30 minutes and score a minimum of 70%, or 21
correct answers. 399
Practical:400
ii)
Learners will demonstrate their
understanding of basic inspection / survey techniques by measuring and
documenting 4 historic timber buildings in accordance with the recommendations
of the Traditional Timberframe Research and Advisory Group (TTRAG). 401
iii)
Using the information gathered
during 1 of the above inspections / surveys, learners will create a written
summary of recommendations for repairs. All visible damage that poses a threat
to the buildings stability must be addressed in this recommendation and the
learners must not recommend unnecessary repairs and/or alterations to the
building. 402
Identify and
quantify the materials, labour and equipment necessary to repair timber-framed
buildings. 403
Compile and organise
estimates of material, labour and equipment quantities for repairs of timber
buildings. 404
Calculate the costs
and times associated with material, labour and equipment quantities for repairs
of timber buildings. 405
Identify and
describe the various common factors that have an effect on the cost of timber
frame restoration and repair work. 406
|
LEARNING
TASKS |
|
CONTENT |
|
1. Quantify conservation and repairs
information |
|
Survey, Inspection &
Reporting
Photography
Drawings & Sketches
Engineering & Structural
Analysis
Production of Working
Drawings
Quantify Joinery
Quantify Fixings &
Fasteners
Quantify Timber
Transportation & Delivery
Distances
Lifting & Raising
Equipment Requirements
Scaffolding & Access
Requirements
Rental Equipment
Tick Lists & Checklists |
|
2. Organise and compile estimating data |
|
Create Repairs Schedule
Timber List / Cutting List
Marking-up Drawings
Group Joinery Types
Calculate Board Footage
Calculate Weights of
Materials
Make Sketches & Notes |
|
3. Estimate time and costs |
|
Conservation Strategy
Calculate Cost of Materials
Calculate Repair Times
Determining Optimum Crew Size
Determining Labour Rates
Determining Overheads
Mark-up & Profit
Contingencies |
|
4. Factors effecting cost |
|
Program Requirements
Awkward Access
Special Hazards (Asbestos,
Disease, Etc)
Unforeseen Repairs &
Extras
Difficult Handling (Large
Timbers)
Availability of Dry Timber
Protection of Work Area at
Site
Temporary Removal /
Transportation / Storage of Timbers Off-Site
Size of Crew
Experience of Crew
Crew Productivity
Innovative or Unfamiliar
Process Required
Site Location & Site
Conditions
Special Tools, Equipment
& Processes Required
In-Situ Repairs vs. Off-Site
Repairs
Special Requirements for
Chemical Repairs
Special Contract Terms &
Penalty Clauses
Mistakes |
Practical:459
i)
Learners will create a complete
schedule of repairs for a historic timber building, to include a detailed cost
and quantity estimate for all labour, materials and equipment required. This
will include the following: 460
1.
Brief statement outlining
repair strategy (crew size, access method, etc) 461
2.
Timber-by-timber schedule of
all labour, timber and fixings required 462
3.
Summary timber list and total
board measurement 463
4.
Summary list of fixings and
fasteners required 464
5.
Schedule of machinery and
equipment requirements 465